The Trans Mountain Pipeline transports crude oil from Edmonton to the Lower Mainland in British Columbia. The National Energy Board (NEB) recommended acceptance of a proposal to twin the pipeline, after which the Governor in Council (GC) approved the project. Several First Nations challenged the GC's decision by requesting judicial review. In Tsleil-Waututh Nation v. Canada (Attorney General), 2018 FCA 153, the Federal Court of Appeal decided that the NEB erred in excluding tanker traffic from the scope of the project, rendering its recommendation unreliable. Also, the court held that Canada had not adequately fulfilled its duty to consult with First Nations. The order-in-council approving the project was quashed and the matter returned to the GC for prompt redetermination. After further consultation with First Nations, the GC once again approved the project. Coldwater and three other First Nations again applied for judicial review. On this second application, the Federal Court of Appeal decided that the standard of review of the GC's approval was reasonableness rather than correctness because the scope of the duty to consult was not in issue. After examining the consultation process and considering the applicants' arguments, it decided that the GC's decision to approve the project was reasonable. The application for judicial review was therefore dismissed. The Supreme Court of Canada refused leave to appeal.